PSPO-II Free Study Guide! with New Update 76 Exam Questions
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Scrum PSPO-II exam is intended for Product Owners who have a deep understanding of the Scrum framework and have experience working as a Product Owner in a Scrum team. PSPO-II exam is a way for Product Owners to demonstrate their mastery of Scrum and their ability to apply it in complex and challenging environments.
NEW QUESTION # 16
What percent of the time should a Product Owner dedicate to the Scrum Team?
(choose the best two answers)
- A. Just enough time to keep the Developers from complaining.
- B. As much as the stakeholders want to budget. Business analysts take over the role the rest of the time.
- C. 100%.
- D. Enough time to avoid the waste that is created by delaying answers to the Developers.
- E. 40%, or more if the stakeholders agree.
- F. Enough time to ensure that the product Increment is valuable and useful.
Answer: D,F
Explanation:
B is correct because the Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Developers1, and delaying answers to the Developers can cause waste, rework, and missed opportunities2. E is correct because the Product Owner is responsible for ensuring that the product Increment is valuable and useful for the stakeholders and customers3, and this requires close collaboration and feedback with the Scrum Team and the users4. A is incorrect because the Product Owner does not need to dedicate 100% of their time to the Scrum Team, as they also have other accountabilities such as engaging with the market, managing the product vision, and aligning with the business strategy5. C is incorrect because the Product Owner is not a proxy for the stakeholders, and they should not delegate their role to business analysts or anyone else. D is incorrect because the Product Owner does not need the approval of the stakeholders to decide how much time they spend with the Scrum Team, as they are empowered to make the best decisions for the product. F is incorrect because the Product Owner should not base their time allocation on the complaints of the Developers, but on the value and quality of the product.
NEW QUESTION # 17
Who is accountable for creating a valuable, useful Increment every Sprint?
(choose the best answer)
- A. The Scrum Team.
- B. The Project Manager.
- C. The Developers.
- D. The Product Owner.
- E. The Scrum Master.
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to the Scrum Guide, the Scrum Team consists of one Scrum Master, one Product Owner, and Developers. The entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable, useful Increment every Sprint1. The Increment is a concrete step toward achieving the Product Goal, and it must meet the Definition of Done and be usable by the stakeholders1. The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Developers1. The Scrum Master is accountable for establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide, helping everyone understand Scrum theory and practice, and removing impediments to the Scrum Team's progress1. The Developers are accountable for creating any aspect of a usable Increment each Sprint1. All three roles must collaborate and coordinate their efforts to deliver the best possible product2.
NEW QUESTION # 18
You are the Product Owner for a product with diverse stakeholders with differing opinions that sometimes conflict.
Your Director of Marketing strongly believes that you should add a major new feature to reach a new market. Your CEO believes that the new feature is too expensive and thinks you should focus on other features to make existing customers happier. The CEO says that as Product Owner it is ultimately your decision.
You think both perspectives have merit, but you cannot do both. How should you proceed?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Better understand the positions of other stakeholders to gather more information, then make a decision.
- B. Trust the CEO's opinion and focus on current customers, since you cannot afford unhappy customers.
- C. Trust the Director of Marketing's opinion and add the features; when revenues increase, you will be vindicated.
- D. Devise an experiment that will help the company to better understand the new market and its potential.
Answer: D
Explanation:
= As a Product Owner, you are accountable for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Developers. To do this, you need to have a clear vision of the product and its target users, as well as a validated understanding of the market opportunities and risks. You also need to collaborate with stakeholders and customers to align their expectations and feedback with the product goals and strategy.
In this scenario, you face a dilemma between pursuing a new market segment or satisfying the existing customers. Both options have potential value, but also uncertainty and trade-offs. The best way to proceed is to devise an experiment that will help you to test your assumptions and learn more about the new market and its potential. This could be a small-scale release, a prototype, a survey, or any other method that can provide you with empirical evidence and feedback. By doing this, you can reduce the risk of investing in a feature that may not deliver the expected value, and also gain insights that can help you to refine your product vision and backlog.
This approach is consistent with the principles of agile product management, which emphasize delivering value early and often, validating hypotheses with data, and adapting to changing customer needs and market conditions. It also demonstrates your ability to apply the Scrum values of openness, courage, and respect, as you are willing to explore new possibilities, challenge your own opinions, and involve your stakeholders and customers in the decision-making process. Reference := Scrum Guide, Managing Products with Agility, Evidence-Based Management
NEW QUESTION # 19
Peter has joined the company as a new Product Owner. Peter is struggling to measure the rate of innovation.
What are the appropriate approaches? (choose the best three answers).
- A. Measure the time spent on unplanned maintenance items each Sprint.
- B. Calculate the average amount of time from when an impediment is raised until when it is resolved.
- C. Count the number of Product Backlog items that are new features versus the planned maintenance items that are about technical debt, bugs, and upgrades.
- D. Calculate the average amount of time it takes from when an error is detected and fixed.
- E. Measure the ratio of maintenance of people versus new product development people.
Answer: A,C,E
NEW QUESTION # 20
Which of the following is a benefit of using Scrum as an agile approach? (choose the best answer)
- A. Managing team member utilization.
- B. On-time deliver of fixed scope.
- C. All of the above.
- D. Managing the business' exposure to risk.
- E. Increasing team velocity.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 21
Scrum addresses which of the following four risks in software development? (choose the best four answers)
- A. The timescale of the planned work
- B. The stability and complexity of the technology
- C. The clear definitions of stages and gateways in the overall governance model
- D. The complexity and unpredictability of the requirements.
- E. The skills and working relationships of the people on the teams
- F. The definition of incentive and bonus strategies by HR for all team members
Answer: A,B,D,E
NEW QUESTION # 22
You work as a Product Owner for a small company and your Scrum Team employee retention rate has been falling. Data from exit interviews suggests that the Developers are:
. Frustrated by interruptions and low-value meetings.
. Feel that their work is not "meaningful."
You need to address this quickly, since the cost to train new Developers is very high in a small organization like yours.
To increase the likelihood of improving the retention rate, what additional measurements should you consider when determining improvements?
(choose the best answer)
- A. All of the above.
- B. Employee Net Promoter Scores.
- C. The Innovation Rate, which is the ratio of new work to total work.
- D. The On-Product Index, the ratio of product work to total work.
Answer: A
Explanation:
To address the issues of interruptions, low-value meetings, and a lack of meaningful work, it is beneficial to consider a holistic approach that includes all the options provided. The Innovation Rate (A) can help understand the balance between new and routine work, the On-Product Index (B) can indicate how much work directly contributes to the product, and Employee Net Promoter Scores © can provide insights into employee satisfaction and loyalty. Together, these measurements can offer a comprehensive view of areas for improvement
NEW QUESTION # 23
If burndown charts are used to visualize progress, what do they track?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Individual worker productivity.
- B. Accumulated cost.
- C. Accumulated business value delivered to the customer.
- D. Work remaining across time.
Answer: D
Explanation:
A burndown chart is a graphical tool that shows the amount of work remaining versus time. It is often used to track the progress of a Sprint or a release. The work remaining is usually measured in terms of effort, such as hours or story points, and it is plotted on the vertical axis. The time is measured in terms of days or weeks, and it is plotted on the horizontal axis. The burndown chart starts with the total amount of work at the beginning of the Sprint or release, and it ideally ends with zero work at the end. The slope of the burndown chart indicates the rate of progress, or the velocity, of the Scrum Team12.
The other options are not what burndown charts track. Accumulated cost, accumulated business value, and individual worker productivity are not relevant or useful metrics for Scrum Teams, as they do not reflect the value or the quality of the product. Scrum Teams focus on delivering potentially releasable increments of the product that meet the Definition of Done, and they use empirical feedback to inspect and adapt their work13. References: 1: Understanding and Applying the Scrum Framework 2: Burndown Chart 3: Managing Products with Agility
NEW QUESTION # 24
The timebox for the Sprint Review is:
(choose the best answer)
- A. 15 minutes.
- B. 4 hours for a 4-week Sprint. Usually shorter for shorter Sprints.
- C. At the end of every Sprint.
- D. Any length of time needed.
Answer: B
Explanation:
D is correct because the timebox for the Sprint Review is four hours or less for a one-month Sprint, and usually shorter for shorter Sprints1. The Sprint Review is an event where the Scrum Team and the stakeholders inspect the outcome of the Sprint and collaborate on what to do next1. A is incorrect because the Sprint Review is not an open-ended event, but a timeboxed one that respects the attendees' time and ensures productivity2. B is incorrect because the Sprint Review is not a point in time, but a timeboxed event that has a specific purpose and agenda1. C is incorrect because the Sprint Review is not the same as the Daily Scrum, which is a 15-minute event for the Developers to synchronize their work1.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which preferred Product Owner stance helps people to align around the product vision and get people excited to join the case? (choose the best answer)
- A. The Manager
- B. The Subject Matter Expert
- C. The Influencer
- D. The Visionary
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 26
During the development effort of your product, you have been frequently approached by various stakeholders asking for new features. You feel that a lot of the requests are either not aligned with the Product's vision or does not contribute to the Product's forward progress.
As a Product Owner, which tool can help stakeholders steer on outcome (value steering) rather than steer on output (steering on features)? (choose the best answer)
- A. Goal Oriented product roadmap.
- B. Story maps.
- C. Release plans
- D. Now-Next-Later product roadmap
- E. GANTT chart.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 27
A Product Owner is needed for every:
(choose the best answer)
- A. Program.
- B. All of the above.
- C. Portfolio.
- D. Product.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Product Owner is the sole person accountable for managing the Product Backlog and ensuring the value of the work the Scrum Team performs. The Product Owner is one person, not a committee. The Product Owner may represent the desires of a committee in the Product Backlog, but those wanting to change a Product Backlog item's priority must address the Product Owner1. The Product Owner is responsible for the product and its outcome2.
A product is a vehicle to deliver value. It has a clear boundary, known stakeholders, well-defined users or customers. A product could be a physical product, a software product, a service, a project, or something else3. A product has a product vision, which is the overarching goal of the product, the reason for creating it, and the impact it should have on its customers and users4.
A portfolio is a collection of products or projects that are aligned with a strategic goal or an organizational unit5. A program is a group of related projects or products that are managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually. A portfolio or a program may have a portfolio or program manager, who is responsible for overseeing the alignment, prioritization, and governance of the portfolio or program . However, these roles are not equivalent to the Product Owner role, as they do not have the same accountabilities and authorities as the Product Owner.
Therefore, the correct answer is that a Product Owner is needed for every product, not for every portfolio or program. References: 1: Scrum Guide 2: Understanding and Applying the Scrum Framework 3: Managing Products with Agility 4: [Product Vision] 5: [Portfolio] : [Program] : [Portfolio Management] : [Program Management]
NEW QUESTION # 28
A separate Product Backlog is needed for every:
(choose the best answer)
- A. Program.
- B. All of the above.
- C. Portfolio.
- D. Scrum Team.
- E. Product.
Answer: E
Explanation:
According to the Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II certification guide1, a Product Backlog is an ordered list of what is needed to improve the product. It is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum Team. The Product Backlog is owned by the Product Owner, who is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. Therefore, a separate Product Backlog is needed for every product, not for every Scrum Team, portfolio, program, or all of the above. Multiple Scrum Teams can work on the same product and share the same Product Backlog2. A portfolio or a program may consist of multiple products, each with its own Product Backlog3. Reference: 1: Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification | Scrum.org 2: What is a Product Backlog? | Scrum.org 3: Product Backlog Explained [+ Examples] | Atlassian
NEW QUESTION # 29
Which of the following statements is true about the Product Vision?
(choose the best answer)
- A. It must be completely free from discussions about strategic technology choices.
- B. It evolves as the Scrum Team learns more about customers and their needs.
- C. None of the above.
- D. All of the above.
- E. It is the shared responsibility of the Scrum Team to develop and evolve.
Answer: B
Explanation:
* Option A is the best answer because it reflects the agile and empirical nature of Scrum and Product Ownership. The Product Vision is a concise and inspiring statement that describes the purpose, direction, and value proposition of the product1. The Product Vision is not a fixed or static document, but rather an emergent and dynamic one that adapts to the changing environment, needs, and feedback. The Product Owner is accountable for creating and communicating the Product Vision to the Scrum Team and the stakeholders2. The Product Owner collaborates with the Scrum Team and the stakeholders to inspect and adapt the Product Vision based on the new insights, opportunities, and learnings that arise from the changing environment34. The Product Owner also uses various techniques, such as product discovery, user research, market analysis, and experiments, to validate and refine the Product Vision5 .
* Option B is not the best answer because it contradicts the accountability of the Product Owner. The Product Owner is the sole person responsible for managing the Product Backlog and maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Scrum Team. The Product Owner is also the sole person responsible for creating and communicating the Product Vision to the Scrum Team and the stakeholders2. The Product Owner may seek input and feedback from the Scrum Team and the stakeholders, but the final decision and authority on the Product Vision belongs to the Product Owner.
The Scrum Team and the stakeholders are not accountable for developing and evolving the Product Vision, but they are expected to understand and support it .
* Option C is not the best answer because it contradicts the reality and complexity of product development. The Product Vision is not a technical specification, but rather a strategic and business-oriented statement that guides the development of the product1. The Product Vision does not prescribe how the product should be built, but rather why and what the product should achieve.
However, the Product Vision is not completely detached from the technical aspects of the product, as the technology choices may have an impact on the feasibility, desirability, and viability of the product. The Product Owner should be aware of the strategic technology choices and their implications, and discuss them with the Development Team and the stakeholders, as part of the product discovery and validation process .
References:
* 1: Product Vision
* 2: Product Owner Accountabilities
* 3: Empiricism
* 4: Stakeholders & Customers
* 5: Product Discovery
* : Product Backlog Management
* : The Scrum Guide
* : Scrum Team
* : Product Value
* : Product Feasibility
* : Product Validation
* : [Agile Manifesto]
* : [User Research]
* : [Market Analysis]
* : [Experiments]
NEW QUESTION # 30
The Developers inform the Product Owner during the Sprint that they are not likely to complete everything they forecasted. What would you expect a Product Owner to do?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Reduce the scope of the Sprint, if possible, to still meet the Sprint Goal.
- B. End the Sprint, since the goal cannot be achieved.
- C. Change the Sprint Goal to match what the Developers can deliver.
- D. Skip Product Backlog refinement activities.
- E. Inform management that more resources are needed.
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to the Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II certification guide1, the Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. This means that the Product Owner should collaborate with the Developers and the Scrum Master to find the best way to deliver value in the current Sprint, even if the initial forecast is not met. The Product Owner should not change or abandon the Sprint Goal, as it is a commitment made by the Scrum Team during Sprint Planning. The Product Owner should also not skip Product Backlog refinement activities, as they are essential for preparing the Product Backlog for future Sprints. The Product Owner should not end the Sprint prematurely, as it may cause more disruption and waste than delivering a potentially releasable Increment. The Product Owner should not inform management that more resources are needed, as it may imply that the Scrum Team is not self-organizing and cross-functional. The Product Owner should respect the Developers' autonomy and professionalism and support them in finding the best solution to the problem. Therefore, the best answer is to reduce the scope of the Sprint, if possible, to still meet the Sprint Goal. This means that the Product Owner and the Developers should negotiate the scope of the Sprint Backlog within the Sprint, removing or adding Product Backlog items that are aligned with the Sprint Goal and the value delivery. References: 1: Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification | Scrum.org
NEW QUESTION # 31
The Definition of Done is used to:
(choose the best three answers)
- A. Describe the work that must be done before the Sprint can be declared complete.
- B. Inform the Developers on how many Product Backlog items to select in a Sprint.
- C. Create a shared understanding of when work is complete.
- D. Describe the purpose, objective, and timebox of each Scrum event.
- E. Increase transparency.
Answer: A,C,E
Explanation:
A: Increase transparency: The Definition of Done (DoD) creates transparency by providing everyone a shared understanding of what work was completed and what standards were met as part of the Increment1.
C: Create a shared understanding of when work is complete: The DoD is a shared understanding among the team members of when a product increment is ready for release2.
D: Describe the work that must be done before the Sprint can be declared complete: The DoD includes all of the characteristics and standards an Increment needs to meet in order to be released1. Once the Definition of Done is met, the Increment is Done and can be delivered1.
NEW QUESTION # 32
The Product Owner has the final say on if an Increment is Done. Choose the best answer
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 33
What is TRUE about the Stakeholder's role in Scrum? (choose the best answer)
- A. The Business Analyst (Subject Matter Experts) is responsible for engaging with the Stakeholders and collecting requirements for the Product Owner
- B. The Head of Product represents the Stakeholder needs and is the point of contact for product requirements
- C. Only the Developers can engage with the Stakeholders
- D. The Product Owner is responsible for engaging with the Stakeholders, but can be delegated
- E. The Scrum Master schedules all stakeholder interactions.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 34
Experimentation can help a Product Owner to: Select all that apply
- A. Have complete certainty as to the future success of a Product
- B. Decide whether we should invest and build something
- C. Reduce waste
- D. Understand Product / Market fit and if we can create a business around a Product
Answer: B,C,D
NEW QUESTION # 35
The environment in which a product will be used changes and emerges continually. What is the effect on the Product Backlog?
(choose the best answer)
- A. The Product Backlog evolves to reflect what the product needs to be most valuable.
- B. The Product Backlog is archived and a new Product Backlog is created to take its place
- C. The requirements specification document, describing the Product Backlog items, must be updated to ensure stability.
- D. There is no effect, the Product Backlog must stay the same until the end of the project.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
* Option B is the best answer because it reflects the agile and empirical nature of Scrum and Product Ownership. The Product Backlog is a living artifact that represents the current understanding of what the product needs to be most valuable for the customers and the stakeholders1. The Product Backlog is not a fixed or static document, but rather an emergent and dynamic one that adapts to the changing environment, needs, and feedback. The Product Owner is accountable for managing the Product Backlog and ensuring that it is transparent, ordered, and refined2. The Product Owner collaborates with the Scrum Team and the stakeholders to inspect and adapt the Product Backlog items based on the new insights, opportunities, and learnings that arise from the changing environment34. The Product Owner also uses various techniques, such as product vision, value proposition, user stories, experiments, and evidence-based management, to define, validate, and prioritize the Product Backlog items5 .
* Option A is not the best answer because it contradicts the agile and empirical nature of Scrum and Product Ownership. The Product Backlog is not a requirements specification document, but rather a list of hypotheses and assumptions that need to be tested and validated in the real world5. The Product Backlog items are not detailed or fixed upfront, but rather refined and clarified as they get closer to implementation2. Updating the requirements specification document to ensure stability implies a plan-driven and predictive approach that does not embrace change and feedback, and that does not optimize value delivery.
* Option C is not the best answer because it contradicts the agile and empirical nature of Scrum and Product Ownership. The Product Backlog is not a project plan, but rather a product roadmap that guides the development of the product. The Product Backlog does not have a predefined end date or scope, but rather evolves and changes as the product grows and matures1. Keeping the Product Backlog the same until the end of the project implies a plan-driven and predictive approach that does not embrace change and feedback, and that does not optimize value delivery.
* Option D is not the best answer because it contradicts the agile and empirical nature of Scrum and Product Ownership. The Product Backlog is not a disposable artifact, but rather a cumulative and iterative one that builds on the previous work and learnings1. The Product Backlog items are not discarded or replaced, but rather refined and updated as the product evolves and changes2. Archiving the Product Backlog and creating a new one implies a disruptive and wasteful approach that does not leverage the existing knowledge andfeedback, and that does not optimize value delivery.
References:
* 1: Product Backlog
* 2: Product Backlog Management
* 3: Empiricism
* 4: Stakeholders & Customers
* 5: Product Vision
* : Product Value
* : Evidence-Based Management
* : [Agile Manifesto]
* : [Product Roadmap]
* : Product Owner Accountabilities
* : Sprint Review
* : Product Backlog Refinement
* : [User Stories]
* : [Value Proposition]
* : [Experiments]
NEW QUESTION # 36
The smallest product Increment that is valuable enough to release is one that:
(choose the best answer)
- A. Adds a new feature.
- B. Delivers all "must do" Product Backlog items.
- C. Fixes at least one defect.
- D. Delivers a single new or improved outcome.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The smallest product Increment that is valuable enough to release is one that delivers a single new or improved outcome for the customers or users of the product. This is because the outcome is the ultimate measure of value, not the output or the features1. An outcome is a change in behavior, attitude, or situation that results from using the product2. An outcome can be achieved by delivering a single feature, fixing a defect, or improving an existing functionality, as long as it meets the Definition of Done and the Sprint Goal3.
Therefore, the best answer is A.
The other options are not correct because:
B: Adds a new feature. This is not a sufficient condition, as a new feature may not deliver a valuable outcome if it is not aligned with the product vision, the customer needs, or the market conditions4.
C: Fixes at least one defect. This is not a necessary condition, as a defect may not affect the value of the product if it is minor, rare, or irrelevant to the customer5.
D: Delivers all "must do" Product Backlog items. This is not a realistic condition, as the Product Backlog is a dynamic and emergent artifact that changes based on feedback, learning, and discovery. There is no fixed set of "must do" items that can guarantee the delivery of value. References
1: Outcome vs. Output, 2: What is an Outcome?, 3: The Definition of Done, 4: Feature vs. Outcome, 5:
Defect vs. Value, : The Product Backlog
NEW QUESTION # 37
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Scrum PSPO-II certification exam focuses on topics such as advanced product ownership techniques, optimizing product value, stakeholder management, and product backlog management. PSPO-II exam format includes multiple-choice questions and scenario-based questions, which require candidates to apply their knowledge of the Scrum framework in real-world situations. PSPO-II exam duration is 120 minutes, and a minimum score of 85% is required to pass the certification exam.
Scrum PSPO-II certification exam is a challenging and rigorous test that assesses the candidate's understanding of Scrum, agile principles, and product ownership. Professional Scrum Product Owner II certification is designed for experienced Product Owners who are looking to enhance their skills and knowledge in Scrum Product Ownership. Professional Scrum Product Owner II certification is recognized globally as a mark of excellence in product ownership and is highly valued by organizations that are looking for experienced Product Owners to lead their product development teams.
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